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Ọrịa coronavirus (COVID-19) bụ ọrịa na-efe efe nke coronaviruses kpatara, ezinụlọ nke nje na-emekwa nnukwu ọrịa iku ume (SARS). Ma COVID-19 na SARS bụ nsogbu nke coronaviruses nke kpatara SARS, nke a maara dị ka SARS-CoV na 2003 ma na-ebute ọrịa coronavirus ugbu a, nke a maara dị ka SARS-CoV-2.
ihe nkiri na akụkọ ntolite ụwa
Na 11 February 2020, Kọmitii Mba Nile na Taxonomy nke Viruses (ICTV) kpọrọ akwụkwọ akụkọ coronavirus - SARS-CoV-2 (nnukwu nnukwu ọrịa iku ume coronavirus 2). E nyere aha a n'ihi na nje a na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa metụtara coronavirus maka mbibi SARS na 2003.
N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-akọwa myirịta na ọdịiche dị n'etiti COVID-19 na SARS.
Gịnị Bụ A Coronavirus?
Coronaviruses bụ ezinụlọ nke nje nke nwere ụdị-amụma sitere na elu ha nke dị ka okpueze. Corona pụtara 'okpueze' na Latin na ọ bụ otú a ka nje virus si nweta aha ya.
COVID-19 bụ nke atọ mara zoonotic coronavirus ọrịa mgbe oké nnukwu akụkụ okuku ume na ọrịa (SARS) na Middle East akụkụ okuku ume na ọrịa (MERS) [1] .
Codị coronavirus ọhụrụ nwere ike ịpụta mgbe anụmanụ coronavirus na-azụlite ikike ibunye mmadụ ọrịa na nke a na-akpọ nnyefe zoonotic.
Otu nnyocha gosiri na SARS-CoV-2 bụ nje chimeric dị n’etiti bat coronavirus na coronavirus nke amabeghị. Ndị ọrụ nyocha ahụ chọpụtara na usoro nke nnyefe malitere site na ụsụ gaa mmadụ [1] .
Mgbaàmà nke Coronavirus Disease
Ihe mgbaàmà ahụ bụ ahụ ọkụ, ụkwara, ike iku ume, ike ọgwụgwụ, imi imi, isi ọwụwa, ahụ mgbu, akpịrị akpịrị, afọ ọsịsa na ọgbụgbọ.
Nnyefe Of Coronavirus Disease
Ndị mmadụ nwere ike ibute COVID-19nke onye ọzọ bu nje nwere nje a. Ọrịa ahụ na-agbasa ngwa ngwa site na mmadụ gaa na onye ọzọ site na obere mmiri mmiri si imi ma ọ bụ ọnụ mgbe onye bu ọrịa ahụ na-agba ụkwara ma ọ bụ na-amị.
Ngwunye nje ahụ yiri ka ọ kachasị elu na akpịrị na imi nke ndị nwere COVID-19 [abụọ] .
Gini bu oria iku ume iku ume (SARS)?
Nnukwu ọrịa iku ume (SARS) bụ coronavirus kpatara ọrịa SARS na 2002-2003. Oria SARS si na usu bia na etiti onye na anumanu, nke ahu bu pusi tupu ya enyefee mmadu [3] .
Mgbaàmà nke SARS
SARS na-ebute mgbaàmà dịka ume iku ume, ahụ ọkụ, ụkwara, ahụ ọkụ, ahụ ụfụ, isi ọwụwa, akpata oyi na afọ ọsịsa.
Nzipu Of SARS
Nnyefe nke SARS na-abụkarị site na mmadụ gaa na kọntaktị mmadụ. SARS-CoV na-agbasa site na ụmụ irighiri iku ume mgbe onye bu nje ma ọ bụ ụkwara ụkwara.
nkume na-ekpo ọkụ ịhịa aka n'ahụ uru
Ihe Molekụl Nke COVID-19 Na SARS-CoV
Nnyocha achọtara ihe ọmụma mkpụrụ ndụ zuru oke (genome) nke SARS-CoV-2 nke gosipụtara na o nwere njikọ chiri anya na SARS abụọ batrị yiri coronaviruses, bat-SL-CoVZC45 na bat-SL-CoVZXC21, mana ọ dị anya karịa SARS-CoV (ihe dịka 79 pasent) na MERS-CoV (ihe dị ka 50 pasent) [4] .
Ihe nnabata nke COVID-19 Na SARS-CoV
E jikwa saịtị ntinye aka na SARS-CoV-2 na SARS-CoV. Mgbe nje batara na sel nke ahụ mmadụ, ọ kwesịrị ka ya na ndị na-edozi ahụ dị na cell ahụ nwee mmekọrịta (nje) ma nje ahụ na-eme nke a site na protein na elu nke ya.
Coronavirus na-abanye sel ndị ọbịa nke mgbasa ozi transmembrane spike (S) glycoprotein na-etolite homotrimers na-apụta site na nje ahụ. Glycoprotein a bụ ọrụ maka njikọta na nnabata cell host.
Otu nnyocha gosiri na SARS-CoV-2 na SARS-CoV na-ejikọta onye nnabata cell nnabata nwere otu mgbatị ahụ na ike dị elu karịa na SARS-CoV-2. Nke a bụ ihe kpatara na SARS-CoV-2 na-apụta na-agbasa ngwa ngwa karịa SARS-CoV [5] .
Iji Mechie ...
COVID-19 na SARS bụ ndị na-akpata coronaviruses nke sitere na ụsụ tupu ụlọ ọrụ dị n'etiti ebute ha mmadụ. Enwere ụfọdụ ọdịiche na myirịta dị n'etiti COVID-19 na SARS.
